Efficacy of Melatonin Supplementation as an Adjunct to Periodontal Therapy
Abstract
Background: Melatonin because of its numerous physiological actions is considered a powerful cell protector against molecular damage. It appears to play a key role in the control of periodontitis due to its protective, antioxidant, anticancer, and immunomodulatory properties.
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of melatonin by oral supplementation (3mg per day for 20 days) in periodontal disease and its effect on the level of IL-8 in the serum sample.
Settings and Design: Non-randomized clinical trial.
Methods and Material: Thirty subjects were categorized into control (periodontally healthy) and experimental groups (generalised periodontitis). Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) was performed in the given groups. The experimental group received oral administration of 3mg melatonin tablet once daily at bedtime for 20 days. The parameters of the gingival index, plaque index, probing depth, clinical attachment level, and serum level of IL-8 were evaluated in all participants at baseline and after 20 days in the experimental group.
Statistical analysis used: Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Chi-square (χ2) test, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were performed on the data acquired.
Results: After the intervention of melatonin, a statistically significant reduction in probing depth, plaque index, clinical attachment level, and the gingival index was observed. The increased levels of serumIL-8 were found after treatment with the melatonin supplementation group though the p-value was not found statistically significant.
Conclusions: Oral melatonin supplementation (3mg per day for 20 days) may improve the periodontal status of patients. Therefore, melatonin supplements may be considered a part of the therapeutic approach for non-surgical periodontal therapy.
Key Messages: Oral administration of melatonin (3mg per day for 20 days) may improve periodontal status of patients.
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